الدهاسي ، منال مسيفر حازم

القرني ، ندى سعد عبد الله

هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى قياس فاعلية استخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس في تعزيز تحصيل مفردات اللغة الانجليزية والاحتفاظ بها لدى طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة ذوات صعوبات التعلم . وتتلخص مشكلة الدراسة في السؤال الرئيسي التالي : ما فاعلية استخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس في تعزيز تحصيل مفردات اللغة الإنجليزية والاحتفاظ بها لدى طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة ذوات صعوبات تعلم اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية ؟ اعتمدت الدراسة الحالية على المنهج التجريبي القائم على التصميم شبه التجريبي . واشتملت ادوات الدراسة على اختبار كاتل للذكاء . والاختبار التحصيلي لمفردات اللغة الإنجليزية (من إعداد الباحثة ) . وقد تم اختبار عينة الدراسة من مدرستين متوسطتين للبنات في مدينة الطائف هما : المتوسطة الرابعة والثلاثون والمتوسطة الخامسة والأربعون . و بالاعتماد على محكي التباين والاستبعاد ، تم تحديد الطالبات ذوات صعوبات التعلم اللواتي يمثلن عينة هذه الدراسة . ثم تم تقسيم العينة عشوائيين إلى مجموعتين : ضابطة مكونة من ( 10 ) طالبات تم تدريسهن بالطريقة التقليدية وتجريبية مكونة من (12 ) طالبة تم تدريسهن باستخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس . وقد خضعت المجموعتين للاختبار القبلي للتحقق من تكافؤهما . استمرت الدراسة لمدة ستة أسابيع خضعت الطالبات بعدها للتطبيق البعدي ثم للتطبيق المؤجل بعد مرور شهر على التطبيق البعدي . استخدمت الباحثة مجموعة من المعالجات الإحصائية ، باستخدام حزمة التحليلات الإحصائية في العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية SPSS ؛ تمثلت في الآتي : اختبار مان وتني " Mann_ Whitney U Test " ، Z التقريب الاعتدالي لمان ونتي ، حجم التأثير ( ES) المستخدم مع احصاء ويلكوكسن ، اختبار ويلكوكسن " Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test " . و أظهرت نتائج الدراسة الأثر الإيجابي لاستخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس في التدريس على تحصيل مفردات اللغة الإنجليزية والاحتفاظ بها لدى الطالبات ذوات صعوبات التعلم . وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة ، قدمت الباحثة مجموعة من التوصيات كان من أبرزها : استخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس في تعزيز اكتساب مفردات اللغة الإنجليزية والاحتفاظ بها لدى الطالبات ذوات صعوبات التعلم ، استخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس لتدريس مواد أخرى مثل العلوم والرياضيات ، عقد دورات تدريبية للمعلمات لتدريبهن على استخدام المدخل متعدد الحواس ، السعي لرفع مستوى الوعي في الدراس وفي المجتمع حول ذوي صعوبات التعلم , وتوجيه انتباه مصممي المناهج الى اثراء المناهج بالأنشطة التي تتطلب استخدام الحواس المختلفة معاً .

الشهري ، منى غرمان عبد الله

العتيبي ، مرام مسري عريمط

السواط، كريم عبيد الله مطر

The study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using the transactional strategies instruction (TSI) in developing secondary stage good and poor readers' comprehension skills in English. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design: a pre/ post- test non- equivalent control group design to achieve its aims. The sample of the study consisted of 2nd secondary stage students from two high schools in Taif (N=68). The students were divided into two groups: experimental group (N=34) and control group (N=34). In order to determine good and poor readers in each group, the TOEFL Junior Standard Test reading comprehension section was administered to the whole subjects. The experimental group contained (13) good readers and (9) poor readers. On the other hand, the control group contained (10) good readers and (10) poor readers. The experimental group was taught by using transactional strategies instruction while the control group received regular instruction. A reading comprehension skills test was administered to the both groups before and after the experiment. The scores were analyzed by using Mann-Whitney U Test. The results indicated the positive effectiveness of using the transactional strategies instruction in developing secondary stage good and poor readers' comprehension skills in English. In the light of the results, the study provided some relevant recommendations and suggestions.

السواط، كريم عبيدالله مطر

The study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of using the transactional strategies instruction (TSI) in developing secondary stage good and poor readers' comprehension skills in English. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design: a pre/ post- test non- equivalent control group design to achieve its aims. The sample of the study consisted of 2nd secondary stage students from two high schools in Taif (N=68). The students were divided into two groups: experimental group (N=34) and control group (N=34). In order to determine good and poor readers in each group, the TOEFL Junior Standard Test reading comprehension section was administered to the whole subjects. The experimental group contained (13) good readers and (9) poor readers. On the other hand, the control group contained (10) good readers and (10) poor readers. The experimental group was taught by using transactional strategies instruction while the control group received regular instruction. A reading comprehension skills test was administered to the both groups before and after the experiment. The scores were analyzed by using Mann-Whitney U Test. The results indicated the positive effectiveness of using the transactional strategies instruction in developing secondary stage good and poor readers' comprehension skills in English. In the light of the results, the study provided some relevant recommendations and suggestions.

الشريف، شروق أحمد

According to Ladd (1981)’s strong universal hypothesis, questions universally tend to end with arising tone. However, recent empirical studies show that there are languages such as Hawaii Creole English language (Murphy, 2013), Standard Hungarian (Ladd,1981), and Spoken Moroccan Arabic (Benkirane, 1998) which are characterized by a low tune. This present study is the first systematic study, to our knowledge, that provides an empirical investigation of interrogatives in Makkan Arabic (MA). To achieve this, a production experiment has been conducted to discover how MA interrogatives are phonologically and acoustically encoded. A total of 22205 utterances including declaratives, WH-questions, rhetorical questions, embedded in questionanswer paradigms, were produced by fourteen native speakers of Makkan Arabic. Phonological results showed that interrogatives are marked by a H% boundary tone that reflects its interrogative status, contrary to the default intonation of their declarative counterparts. Not only that, they also show that the WH-words, regardless of their sentential positions are acoustically realized with a higher F0; whereas the words occurred after them are realized with lower F0, compared with their neutral-declarative counterparts. Interestingly, words occurred before the non-initial WH-word remain intact prosodically. These results have implications for interrogative studies and prosodic typology.

النفيعي ، ريم عباس

This thesis highlights the sufferings of the American Minority families attempting to save the cultural identity of their children from the cultural displacement which they have experienced . In The Woman Warrior: A Memoir of a Girlhood among Ghosts, Maxine Hong Kingston depicts the cultural displacement crisis she encounters while, at the same time, showing her mother’s efforts to maintain her Chinese cultural identity through storytelling. In American Indian Stories, Gertrude Bonnin sheds light on the oppression which she has gone through during her childhood so as to abandon her cultural identity. Edward Said’s memoir Out of Place records his individual experiences as an outsider or isolated person who was brought up as a multicultural person due to the European colonization of Palestine and Egypt during his childhood . The thesis also demonstrates how those authors have departed from societies that used to glorify traditions and cultural identity to a new society which takes little account of such deeply established norms. It further displays the American Minority’s constant attempts to resist cultural displacement and the white American’s propensity to marginalize those who adhere closely to their cultural identity. Drawing upon Postcolonial theory, the present thesis seeks to explore the reasons behind the diaspora of the cultural identity, reveal the minority children’s unconscious assimilation of a multicultural identity, and examine the cultural, social, and psychological impacts of the loss of American Minority’s cultural identity. It concludes by stressing the role of American minority in confronting any further attempts by the American majority to gradually wipe out their cultural identity .

الحمياني ، وفاء علي حامد

The study aimed at exploring the obstacles of using E-learning in teaching English language from English language teachers' perspective at the intermediate stage. The study adopted the descriptive methodology. The questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect the required data. After confirming the validity and reliability of the study instrument, it was applied to the study sample which consisted of English language female teachers at the intermediate stage in Taif city (N=143).. A number of statistical approaches were used in the study such as Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, arithmetic means, standard deviations, independent samples, t-test and ANOVA Results showed that the grand mean of all obstacles of teachers‘ use of e-learning in teaching English language for intermediate stage female students in Taif from teachers‘ perspectives was (3.47) which was a (high) degree. All obstacles in the four domains (English teachers‘ related obstacle - students‘ related obstacles - technical and IT related obstacles -evaluation methods‘ related obstacles) were of a (high) degree and with means that ranged from (3.36) to (3.58). Teachers‘ related obstacles came first, evaluation methods came second, technical and IT related obstacles came third, and finally students‘ related obstacles came fourth . Moreover, there were statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) in the means of the obstacles of teachers‘ use of e-learning in teaching English language for intermediate female pupils in Taif according to their qualification and experience in English language teaching whereas, there were no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) in the means of the obstacles of teachers‘ use of e-learning in teaching English language for intermediate female pupils in Taif according to the offices of education and to training courses in computer . Based on the results of the study, a number of recommendations and further research were suggested .

العتيبي ، علياء هندي عيد

العدواني ، مشاعل سعود

Immunomodulators and anticancer agents derived from plant and natural compounds have attracted a part of concern from natural product scientists for their effectiveness and safety as well their considerable donation towards understanding drug delivery mechanisms and targeted drug action. Subsequently searching for immunomodulatory components from natural herbs and characterizing the immune enhancement properties may have great potential in cancer treatment. The efforts have been continued for finding new anticancer agents with better efficacy and lesser side effects. According to the conventional recommendations and experimental research studies, abundant of medical plants have been reported to have anticancer effect. Anti-proliferative, pro- apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects of several phytochemicals have been shown in vitro or in vivo. Grape seed (PSx) and garlic (Gx) extracts; phytochemicals that have numerous medicinal and pharmacological properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as anticancer activity. Aim: The goal of this research is to examine the role of garlic and grape seed extracts, individually or in combination, in inducing apoptosis in human cancer cells in vitro. Also the immunomodulatory effects of these extracts were investigated using the transcriptional expression of specific cytokines Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) by semi-quantitative PCR (sq-PCR) and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The present results showed that both (PSx) and (Gx), individually or along with each other, were successfully able to reduce proliferation and viability in HepG2 and hep-2cancer cells lines in a dose and time dependent manner. Also, they significantly increased the percentage of the DNA fragmentation in combined treatment associated with the upregulation of the apoptotic genes in both cancer cells. Moreover, the combination of both extracts at a dose of IC50 improves the effectiveness and sensitivity of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and suggests that combined therapy may help to achieve the recommended goals in the management of cancer and modulating the immune system.

العدواني، مشاعل سعود مبارك

Immunomodulators and anticancer agents derived from plant and natural compounds have attracted a part of concern from natural product scientists for their effectiveness and safety as well their considerable donation towards understanding drug delivery mechanisms and targeted drug action. Subsequently searching for immunomodulatory components from natural herbs and characterizing the immune enhancement properties may have great potential in cancer treatment. The efforts have been continued for finding new anticancer agents with better efficacy and lesser side effects. According to the conventional recommendations and experimental research studies, abundant of medical plants have been reported to have anticancer effect. Anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects of several phytochemicals have been shown in vitro or in vivo. Grape seed (PSx) and garlic (Gx) extracts; phytochemicals that have numerous medicinal and pharmacological properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as anticancer activity. Aim: The goal of this research is to examine the role of garlic and grape seed extracts, individually or in combination, in inducing apoptosis in human cancer cells in vitro. Also the immunomodulatory effects of these extracts were investigated using the transcriptional expression of specific cytokines Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) by semi-quantitative PCR (sq-PCR) and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The present results showed that both (PSx) and (Gx), individually or along with each other, were successfully able to reduce proliferation and viability in HepG2 and hep-2cancer cells lines in a dose and time dependent manner. Also, they significantly increased the percentage of the DNA fragmentation in combined treatment associated with the upregulation of the apoptotic genes in both cancer cells. Moreover, the combination of both extracts at a dose of IC50 improves the effectiveness and sensitivity of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and suggests that combined therapy may help to achieve the recommended goals in the management of cancer and modulating the immune system.

الزهراني، نورة محمد كميخ

https://goo.gl/5o6hce

القرني ، نورة علي سعد

الأسمري ، ياسمين أحمد

This thesis aims at revealing the nature of the connection that links the theme of violence to the black character in Faulkner and Wright's writings. Therefore, the ' ideologies that are adopted by the black characters and their societies in both writers novels will be examined in depth. Besides, this thesis intends to unveil the social, psychological and economic motives behind the violent nature of the black character in general. Finally, it explains why Faulkner and Wright shared the same perspective even though both writers represent different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The researcher will apply race theory including, postcolonial, African-American, and psychoanalytic perspectives to the novels. All novels will be analyzed according to the African-American perspective which reinforce the superiority of the Anglo Saxon race as internalized racism and the social constriction of race. In addition, a psychoanalytical explanation will be applied to the black characters in general. Postcolonial perspective are drown upon this thesis in order to examine the social/historical factors that affect the novels' black characters.